Episode 258: The City of God - Book XII: Chapters 10-18
In The City of God Book XII, Chapters 10-18, St. Augustine explores the origins of the two cities: the City of God and the earthly city. He asserts that the ultimate cause of evil lies in the free will of rational creatures who turned away from God, the highest good. Augustine addresses the creation of angels and their division into good and evil, emphasizing that their fall was not due to a defect in their nature but their willful pride and choice to love themselves over God. He further argues that the good angels remain steadfast by delighting in God's immutable goodness. Augustine examines philosophical questions about the nature of time, creation, and the existence of evil, emphasizing God’s eternal and unchanging nature as the source of all good. He concludes that all things created by God are inherently good, and evil arises only through the misuse of free will. This section reflects Augustine's broader theological framework, emphasizing divine justice, free will, and the hierarchical order of creation.
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